PREFACE vt Conics, Differential Calculus, Integral Caloulus, Statics, Hydrostatios, etc. In Astronomy, the progress of our forefathers was not considerable, judging it from the standpoint of the Astronomical progress of the present day. Precession, Nutation, Identification of several stan were not known to them. Iu Physics, the ideas only of Heat, Light, Electricity. Magnetism and Sound were known. But the application of these forces in Nature to the Arts of life seems to have been a matter never thought of by them. Chemistry, as known to the ancient Aryans. more the Pharmaceutical Chemistry, as we now call it. Purification of Quicksilver for medicina or making poisonous drugs non-poisonous for their medicinal use, eto, formod their Cheminte Qualitative Analysis, Quantitative Analysis, Electro-chemistry were matters not known to them. In Geology, the progress in ancient India was very slight. The application of Geology to Agriculture or to Mining or to reconstructiug the old History of the world was a matter guite foreign to them. In Biology, the ancient Aryans had no ideas of Cell, Protoplasm, Noclon. Parenchyma, &c. They had cultivated only the Medical Botany. They had not tudied the Agricultural Botany, the Morphological Botany, the Systematic Botany, etc. In Zoology, their progress was almost nil. In Sociology, which includes Politics, Political Economy, the Art of Government, the Duties of a king, Commerce and Industries, they had ideas of their own suitable to their own times. These several branches of knowledge not being cultivated by our Aryan forefathers, it is natural that there could be no Sanskrit words for corresponding English terms. I had, therefore, to coin new words which were submitted to the scrutiny of men of science and the results, finally adopted by them, were incorporated in the Dictionary. Vernacular Terminology-A great need. Vernacular equivalents for English terms in the elementary as well as is the advanced branches of different Western Sciences are needed to make scientific subjects intelligible to readers, who are ignorant of English. Even if higher education continues to be given in English, along with it the production of vernacular scientific literature must be encouraged to convey the rich stores of knowledge of Western soiences, arts and games, to the great mass of the people in India who are ignorant of English. The percentage of men, receiving higher education in Englisb, will always remain small and it will therefore be necessary for Government to encourage attempts to enrich the vernacular literatures with stores of up-to-date European knowledge in the interests of those who can novor hope to receive the benefits of higher education in English. Demand for Vernacular Scientific Books. There is a public demand for vernacular scientifio books in every important province of India, but the supply is inadequate, inadequate simply for want of a suitable vernacular terminology and also for want of pecuniary support for the production of these scientifio books. This demand has, till now, not been pressed upon the attention of Government. But I hope, 8 day will soon dawn, when this will be done. The names of Newton, Faraday, Tyndall, Pasteur, Kelvin, Darwin, Huxley, Edison, eta must become as familiar in every household in India as the names of Panini, Kanad, Peterjali Gautam, Shankaracharya, Madhvacharya, Sayanacharya, Vallabhacharya, etc., are at the present day. Just as 3, M, YAGİSH, , , etc. are the familiar words in the vocabulary of even the Roat illiterate man in India, 80 must very soon Liver, Spleen, Lungs, Heart, Brain, Nucloza, Protoplasm, Parenobyma, etc. enter into the tissue and fabric of the vocabulary of modern India; on this result can be achieved only by placing within the easy reach of the large man of the people in this country vernacular books on modern acientifio subjects,
